Negotiation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 4

Exchange - Essay Example The elements of correspondence are another component that is significant inside the setting of the arrangement procedure. Help of the trading of thoughts and feelings between the arranging parties is one of the elements of correspondence in exchange. The elements of correspondence connect with different highlights, for example, the guidelines and the destinations of correspondence to impact the accomplishment of the objectives of the exchange. Chronemics are a non-verbal component of correspondence that collaborates with the readiness and responsibility of the arranging gatherings to determine their contention. Chronemics include perspectives, for example, timeliness and tolerance that are significant to the effective consummation of each phase of the arranging procedure (Wood, 2008). At long last, expectations are a significant component of correspondence that can influence the bearing and achievement of the arrangement. Goal interchanges with translation in light of the fact that most moderators accept that whatever their rival does or says is purposive and is intended to convey something. All things considered, there is requirement for mediators to be completely mindful of their goals when saying or accomplishing something in each phase of the arranging procedure so as to abstain from being interpreted improperly (Wood, 2008). Nicholas Anderson’s post is a quick piece that presents very exact data on the methods of correspondence. The possibility that composed correspondence assists make with increasing the inadequacy of verbal correspondence to come out as grating is right in light of the fact that the individual imparting has more space to peruse and address what the person in question has composed wrongly. His attestation that verbal correspondence is the method of correspondence that numerous individuals know about is adequate. In any case, he ignores the possibility that it takes a lot of intrigue and regard for get trouble or satisfaction in a person’s voice since certain individuals don't report these things expressly however just suggest them. Anderson’s thought on

Discussion Board 5-1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Conversation Board 5-1 - Essay Example Analysis dependent on a DSM passes on great arrangement of illustrative data concerning conduct deficiency, abnormality or abundances in the individual determined to have a given state of mind (APA, 2013). The Diagnosis and Statistical Manual (DSM) has extraordinary importance for advisors while choosing mental evaluations and tests devices. The names and depiction of different mental issue as contained in the DSM empower advocates to comprehend specific social conditions in customer, which directs in determination of legitimate estimation instrument (Cohen, Sturman and Swerdlik, 2013). This has the capability of helping instructors to comprehend states of mind and structure or select a legitimate device. With appropriate comprehension of specific practices regarding specific mental issue as archived in DSM, advocate can know the right type of test or testing apparatus and estimation rules for the recognized condition. A DSM additionally covers natural conditions and relating the conditions to specific mental issue. This attempts to empower guides rapidly comprehend and lead simple detachment of reasons for specific conduct issues to guarantee legitimate if not exact conclusion (Cohen, Sturman and Swerdlik, 2013). With legitimate disconnection of the practices, a DSM permits instructors to consider potential apparatuses and techniques to handle mental cases. The DSM-IV-TR can empower advisors comprehend conduct conditions that have no relationship to any psychological issue. Along these lines, the DSM-IV-TR provides advisors insight of taking care of conditions that have connection to mental clutters (APA, 2013). The pieces of information gave aids legitimate distinguishing proof of mental test and appraisal devices and rules to use for a related

Steps to Write a Good Essay

Steps to Write a Good EssayMost college students who have not already achieved their degree do not know how to write a good essay and are usually surprised when they are told how easy it is. College is the first time that you will be writing an essay and it is up to you to choose the best essay topic that you can for this important first step.With all the classes and different type of courses that you will be taking, it will be hard to know what to focus on and how to cover every aspect. If you have friends or relatives who have already achieved their college degree, they can usually give you advice about the type of topics to include and some tips on how to write a good essay.One thing that you must do is study and get as much knowledge as you can on the subject of your college career. You will need all the information that you can get before you start your college career and write your paper. Make sure that you have knowledge on the different types of research methods, thesis, key points, research methods, essay topics, research materials, etc.Step number two is writing the first draft of your essay. This can be a tricky task, especially if you have not studied what to write and what to cut. By spending time on this step, you will be able to get it done in no time.The third step is deciding what new topics, you can include in your essay. You will need to find out the newest trends in the college career. You will have to make sure that you fully understand the changes and give your paper a fresh look by including new and innovative ideas.Step number four is to write the content of your essay. It is essential that you have an idea of what type of topic you are going to discuss. Your topic should not be the same as the other students, but should be something unique. It is necessary that you also know the differences between the types of people and the characteristics that you are trying to depict through your essay.Wordage is very important. It is important that you get the point across through your essay and that you are precise with every detail. You can take help from professors and friends on these kinds of details because they are knowledgeable about different college subjects.These are the steps to write a good essay. Remember that you are writing an essay and you will need to be extra careful in every part of this project.

Personal Narrative True Happiness - 1108 Words

I believe true happiness lies in the small things in life. These small things are gesture like smiling, laughing, opening the door for someone, or even as simple as saying â€Å"Hi† to people you past of the streets. Although big situation such as winning the lottery or getting promoted may win you a lot of happiness, but it does not happen often. Small gesture happens countless of time during the day. These small gestures add up and is what ultimately makes up majority of your happiness. Ever since I realize life is not always about looking at the big picture, but instead it’s about the small things that make up the picture, I have felt that I’ve lived every day to the fullest. Although I am in a wonderful place right now, it took a shot to†¦show more content†¦At first, I was upset with my mother because I thought she was trying to ruin my life (I was a dramatic kid) and she didn’t want me to have fun. But I started replaying the fight over and over again. That’s when I realize what was truly bothering me. Disappointment. I was a disappointment. Was she really disappointed in me? I didn’t want to be a disappointment. I started to wonder where things went wrong. Throughout the fight, I kept asking myself what the big deal was. Why couldn’t she just let it slide, it’s just dishes. But now that I was lying in bed, I asked myself the same question, what was the big deal, it was just the dishes. I realize I was acting spoiled and bratty. The dishes could have easily been done in minutes. Why did something so small make me so upset? Why did I let it upset me? Was doing the dishes worth fighting with my mom? This fight was not out of the blue. My mother and I fought all the time over stupid little things. But this fight was different. This fight was what changed my outlook on life. Being called a disappointment was a reality check for me. I wanted my mother to be proud and happy. I wanted to be happy and proud of myself. When I looked in the mirror, the person looking back was not someone I wanted to be. One night I was talking to my grandma on the phone. I told her what have been going on and she said one thing to me that I will never forget,† Every second you spent sad or mad, you could have been happy†. What sheShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Frederick Douglass s The Great House Farm 924 Words   |  4 Pages2017 Within the Circle Early in his narrative, Frederick Douglass stresses his lack of understanding and his absence of a personal history due to being enslaved. He begins by telling stories of his main home during his time as a slave: the Great House Farm. He focuses on the songs the slaves use to sing about the Great House Farm. While singing these songs, Douglass states about being â€Å"within the circle† (26). Frederick Douglass highlights his lack of a personal history history by stating that heRead MoreThe Emancipation On The Mind, Soul, And Spirit1380 Words   |  6 PagesShackles on the mind, soul, and spirit kept a race of people in slavery during a dark time in American history. Narrative of Sojourner Truth, a Northern Slave, Emancipated from Bodily Servitude by the State of New York, in 1828 follows her life as a slave, known as Isabell, growing up and experiencing many different masters. Sojourner Truth’s meaning of freedom was largely shaped by her religious and family beliefs as well as her experiences as a chattel. Freedom is not just a release from the bonda geRead MoreThe Death Of Siddhartha Gautama1017 Words   |  5 PagesWhen an average person thinks of Siddhartha Gautama, they often link the religious figure with someone who achieved happiness through various forms of mediation. These generalizations are often fueled by artistic illustrations of the Buddha, which, almost universally, depict him sitting in the Lotus Position. While the religion of Buddhism has deep roots in various forms of meditation, there is not a cut and dry method for an individual to obtain the highest of Buddhist goals, freedom from sufferingRead MoreCritical Analysis Of Their Eyes Were Watching God1584 Words   |  7 Pageseasily relates to their struggles. Additionally, the way the story is presented to the audience in vernacular dialect allows the novel to be told as a story, rather than a lengthy document. This creates the effect as if someone was giving the reader a personal account of the characters’ lives through a casual conversation, and the result is aesthetically pleasing. The combination of these qualities in Hurston’s writing creates a voice from author to reader that is entirely unique to this novel. WhetherRead MoreHow Douglass Dispelled the Illusions of Slavery1019 Words   |  5 Pagesabolitionists, to whites that were on the fence about the issue, but his purpose remained: to allow non-slaves to learn about the horrors of slavery. In this autobiography, Douglass dispelled readers’ â€Å"illusions about slavery† by merely telling his true story, an everyman tale for slaves. Douglass worked on plantations in the Maryland area, and those plantations were considered to be easier than those of Georgia or Alabama, as unruly or ornery slaves were â€Å"sold to a Georgia [slave] trader† as punishmentRead MoreThe Ones Who Walk Away From 1861-18651519 Words   |  7 Pagesgold. Ursula Le Guin’s short story â€Å"The Ones Who Walk Away from Omelas† reminds readers that sometime s things really are too good to be true. The city of Omelas is cunningly portrayed as the embodiment of a utopian society; however, ironically the roots of this seemingly perfect community seem to be firmly planted in a foundation of evil. The unceasing happiness, intelligence, and health enjoyed by the citizens of Omelas are only able to exist because a single orphaned child is kept in absolute solitudeRead MoreCritical Analysis Of Richard Cory820 Words   |  4 PagesThe poem â€Å"Richard Cory† is Robinson’s famous poem about a man named Richard Cory who was outwardly wealthy and admirable to many. The poem adopts an overly narrative style. Through this style, the poet is able to detail of the life and timesof Robinson Cory as a loner of the upper social class in America. It is a tale of internal conflict and dissatisfaction experienced by a man who everybody admired. The personadescribes him using finest terms such as ‘gentleman’ to denote of how peop le of the lowerRead MoreOlaudah Equiano And Benjamin Franklin1073 Words   |  5 Pagestake up politics; he helped draw up the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution Olaudah Equianos narrative teaches in a much humbler way compared to Benjamin franklin who is much prouder. Olaudah Equiano and Benjamin Franklin narrative both were written to exemplify their lower upbringings and show their readers how they can move forward and lift themselves. Olaudah Equianos narrative teaches in a much humbler way compared to Benjamin franklin who is much prouder. Equiano’s argumentRead MoreComparsion of Voltaire and Gronniosaw ´s Philosophy Essay1492 Words   |  6 Pagesvery different. Candide is a philosophical satirical novel that ingeniously shakes the misinterpretation of doctrinal optimism. Whilst A Narrative of the Life of James Albert Ukawsaw Gronniosaw written by himself, (For the purpose of this essay, ‘A Narrative.’) is an autobiographical, and spiritual account of Gronniosaw’s Journey. This essay will look at the narrative techniques and the distinctive features of the language used in both extracts. (Voltaire, Gronniosaw, A230, Assessment Guide, 2013)Read MoreEssay on Lean In: Women, Work and the Will to Lead by Sheryl Sandberg739 Words   |  3 PagesSandberg uses personal experience, research and humor to examine the choices that working women make everyday. She argues that women can achieve professional goals while still being happy within their personal lives. She argues this by going into detail about what risks to take, how to pursue certain professional goals and how to overcome struggles such as balancing a family and a career. All through Lean In, Sandberg uses the fourth dimension of interpersonal effects through a Narrative to show her

Women s Suffrage During The Nineteenth Century - 975 Words

When the Nineteenth amendment passed, women were encouraged by the suffrage organizations to take part in their nation’s politics. Many women were elected to political offices in the 1920’s. In this time frame seven women had been elected into the House of Representatives. However, no women were elected for positions in the Senate. Although seven women may not seem like a lot that was only on the national level and was a big victory for the suffrage organizations. The greatest success came at the state level politics for women as they began receiving high ranking titles such as Secretary of State and Secretary of Education. This success came from women’s political actions and â€Å"taking advantage of their new found freedom† CITATION Lee15 l 1033 (Lee). What is the significance of gender in politics? â€Å"The woman question† had been a very controversial issue since the middle of the 19th century. This issue came about because of the Women’s Liberation Movement (WLM) that had started in the 60’s. â€Å"Prior to that the study of women and politics [as one] was not regarded as important enough to warrant any special attention† CITATION Lov92 l 1033 (Lovenduski). The rising action of women in politics even jump started its own subgenre of study called â€Å"Gender and Politics†. Gender and Politics came about because of the beginning male dominance of our country and politics before women’s suffrage. â€Å"This subfield has been constructed mainly by feminist political scientists, politicalShow MoreRelatedWomen s Suffrage During The Nineteenth Century Essay1488 Words   |  6 PagesThe women’s suffrage movements began to emerge during the first half of the nineteenth century. In the United States, a handful of Western states already granted women’s suffrage during the nineteenth century. However, in the majority of states the enfranchisement of women followed only after the nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, which granted full voting rights to women in 1920. Similarly, British women gained partial suffrage through the Representation of the People Act ofRead MoreWomen s Suffrage During The Nineteenth Century1932 Words   |  8 Pageswould be free, and which states should sanction slavery. The debate was resolved—albeit temporarily—by the Compromise of 1850. All the while, women in the United States were also pushing for equality. Although women did not receive the right to vote until the Nineteenth Amendment was passed in 1920, the women s suffrage movement picked up measurable gains during the time around 1850. Most notably there is the first women’s rights convention, held in 1848 in Seneca Falls, New York. Th is event was spearheadedRead MoreWomens Suffrage in the 1800’s-19th Century Essay1190 Words   |  5 Pages Women, like black slaves, were treated unequally from the male before the nineteenth century. The role of the women played the part of their description, physically and emotionally weak, which during this time period all women did was took care of their household and husband, and followed their orders. Women were classified as the â€Å"weaker sex† or below the standards of men in the early part of the century. Soon after the decades unfolded, women gradually surfaced to breathe the airRead MoreWomen s Rights Movement During The Nineteenth Century1632 Words   |  7 PagesAPUSH I May 26, 2016 Women’s Rights Movement Women in the nineteenth century began to fight for their rights as they were inspired by other abolitionist movements. Women were denied basic natural rights that were given to men. For example, women were not allowed to vote or own property. They also earned less money than men, even if they were working the same job. Men also had a more variety of opportunities in regarding jobs and careers. Women were expected to care for the children and theRead MoreWomens Suffrage Movement947 Words   |  4 PagesThe Woman’s Suffrage Era â€Å"The only Question left to be settled now is: Are Women Persons?† Susan Brownell Anthony inquired in a speech she divulged during the 1800s, after she was arrested and fined for voting the year before. During the 1900s, and many years before that, women became vile to the fact of feeling suppressed.Two particular women became repulsive to the fact that Women voting was a taboo subject. Because of the impact these women had on the society, The women s suffrage movement tookRead MoreThe Struggle For Gain Suffrage884 Words   |  4 PagesThe struggle to gain suffrage was not easy: anti-suffragists and the gender norms of society constantly interfered, leading to nearly a century-long battle of rights. Unlike preconceived notions about the suffrage movements of the nineteenth century, not all women wanted to obtain suffrage and women s organizations weren t always focused on the right to vote itself, but rather were radical. Change and new leadership were needed to refocus and improve women s suffrage organizations in order toRead MoreA Brief Note On Women s Suffrage Movement1379 Words   |  6 PagesRough Draft Woman’s Suffrage Movement During the early 19th century many women were involved in social advocacy efforts, which eventually led them to advocate for their own right to vote and take part in government agencies. Women fought for their voices to be heard in politics. The 19th amendment was one of the most essential turning points in history; before their voices were not as valuable as their husbands or fathers, until 1920 when the 19th amendment was ratified and gave us a new beginningRead MoreWomen Suffrage Essay Outline1137 Words   |  5 PagesThe Women Suffrage Alexis Kallenborn Mrs. T. Westling English III 13 October 2017  Outline Thesis Statement: Due to the Hardiments of Determined Females, Because of their Hostile feelings towards Woman Suffrage, Society began to view them as a part of the Union. Introduction I. Suppressed Women of the 19th Century Women s Role in Society Woodrow Wilson s Beliefs. The Society s beliefs on Woman Suffrage II. Woman Suffrage Movement Susan Brownell Anthony s contribution CarrieRead MoreStory Of An Hour Critical Analysis1651 Words   |  7 PagesLiteratures can give away great pieces of information where readers are able to connect the past time periods to the current time period. The nineteenth- century is all about the controversial standards for women. Author Kate Chopin writes literatures about women during the nineteenth century. One of her stories show a glimpse of the modern-day standards for women. â€Å"Story of an Hour† by Kate Chopin is about a woman name Ms. Mallard, who found out her husband passed away. While mourning for her husbandRead MoreWomen s Rights And Abolitionist Movement Essay985 Words   |  4 PagesMovement Women’s Rights Abolitionists Back in the nineteenth century men and women were not treated equally as they are now. Women did not have as much freedom as the men did and that caused a national movement. Not only were the women segregated from the men, but the discrimination against the African American race was a huge ordeal as well. With both movements combined, it led to a controversial development at that time. Not only were women fighting for equality, they were also fighting for

Analysis Of The Box Man - 1242 Words

Humanity of the Homeless The Box Man is an essay written by Barbara Ascher that addresses and criticizes how American society does not give homeless people the respect they deserve. In the essay, Ascher describes a night of the life of an average homeless man. Ascher accomplishes this by using her character the Box Man to represent the homeless people of America and to display how society sees the homeless. Barbara Ascher’s The Box Man utilizes thoughtfully chosen diction, precise negative and positive imagery, and effectively placed tone shifts to argue that the homeless, represented by the Box Man, are worthy of respect. Barbara Ascher makes the reader question stereotypes by using thoughtfully chosen diction to†¦show more content†¦When telling the reader about the Box Man’s choice to be homeless, Ascher refers to an anecdote where the Box Man encounters the mayor of New York City, â€Å"Last winter, Mayor Koch tried, coaxing him with promises and the persuasive tones reserve d for rabid dogs. The Box Man backed away, keeping a car and paranoia between them.† When describing this scene, Ascher makes the mayor sound condescending by using words like â€Å"coaxing† and comparing the way he speaks to the way one would speak to â€Å"rabid dogs†. The way that the mayor treats the Box Man makes the reader feel sympathy for the Box Man and the way homeless people are treated, and the readers feel guilt due to the way they might have treated homeless people like the Box Man. This advances Ascher’s argument and further persuades the reader to reflect on their own actions and thoughts towards the idea of homelessness. Another tool that Ascher uses to help argue that homeless deserve respect is precise diction. By using precise negative and positive imagery to display the way homeless are seen and should be treated, Ascher argues that homeless people should be respected. Ascher describes the nightly activities of the Box Man as he runs d own the street, Ascher writes, â€Å"His collar was pulled so high that he appeared headless.† By depicting the Box Man as headless, he is seen as a monster and therefore losesShow MoreRelatedThe Box Man Analysis Essay868 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿ Box Man Final Draft We come alone in this world and one day we will be alone once again; therefore, we must formulate the choice to achieve things ourselves. That is why in the essay â€Å"The Box Man†, Barbara Lazear Ascher writes about the evening customs of diverse people that live alone and by observing these people, reflects on the nature of solitude. She demonstrates that solidity doesn’t necessarily mean being lonely, just alone and explains how lonely and alone are unlike. Ascher uses theRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of Aschers The Box Man862 Words   |  4 PagesIn the essay ‘The Box Man’ Ascher invokes many stylistic devices and rhetorical strategies to portray her message that you should accept loneliness. The devices she uses include the rhetorical strategy â€Å"Ethos† and the stylistic device Anecdote. She uses many more which will be discussed later in this essay. She portrays the message â€Å"accepting loneliness† throughout the whole piece and even provides real life examples to support her message. These Examples include The Box man, the Soup lady, and theRead MoreUse of Symbols in The Lottery by Shirley Jackson981 Words   |  4 Pageshave a traditional sacrifice they called The Lottery. The villagers would have their kids choose out stones for the village. Once they are all together with the stones collected, they have a member from each family to choose a white paper from a black box. After a family is chosen, the members within the family have to be chosen to be the sacrifice for the village. The way that knew that they were chosen was a black dot in the middle of the paper. The chosen one well be stoned to death by everyone inRead MorePsychology : Psychology And Psychology Essay784 Words   |  4 Pageslong way from the man in 1880, when he only supported himself with some difficulty by giving lectures on educational topics for the Harvard extension program (Ross, 1972). (Bringmann). G. Stanley Hall has contribut ed to the field of psychology. In 1938 B.F skinner, a behaviorist, also found a way to make an impact in the field of psychology by observing behavior though animals by using a device called a Skinner box . The original skinner box is a box where skinner placed a rat in box which includedRead MoreUse of Symbolism in The Lottery by Shirley Jackson954 Words   |  4 Pagesstory in all the characters and objects in the story. This Short story takes place in the summer where a small town has a lottery every year round. The person that wins the lottery has a huge impact on the town and the crops that grow in it. Old man Warner is the oldest in the town and has been in more than seventy lotteries he likes to go by tradition and doesn’t like to change it up. Mrs. Hutchinson on the other hand doesn’t want to go by the tradition and thinks that the lottery is a hugeRead MoreSelf-Reflective Essay1685 Words   |  7 Pagesalready in the past) and were built upon throughout the quarter. The knowledge gained over the course of the quarter werent only those three types of appeals. Rhetorical strategies like proposals helped reinforce the course and using rhetorical analysis in different situations have become easier throughout the quarter. I believe that I have made sufficient progress towards becoming a better writer this way. My first major writing in the quarter was shaky and quite uncertain in some areas. TheRead MoreThe Lottery, By Shirley Jackson1349 Words   |  6 Pagesdelegate one family with the sir-name Delacroix. Helen Nebeker states in her article that the Delacroix’s name means â€Å"of-the-Cross† (Nebeker). The other characters present throughout this story have a tendency to call this family the Dellacroys. One analysis of the mispronunciation told by Nathan Cervo states, â€Å"The mispronunciation signals the villagers’ botching of the traditional Christian understanding of the Crucifixion† (Cervo). The religious outlook on this scenario is that the villagers do notRead MoreThe Unexpected Surprise of Violence1009 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"The Lottery† through the use of irony, symbolism, and denouement. On a summer day in a small town in the short story, â€Å"The Lottery†, Jackson takes advantage of the peaceful environment and adds a convoluted twist through a misleading title and Old Man Warner and his traditions. The title, â€Å"The Lottery†, is viewed as a fortunate phenomenon at first, but once the reader apprehends the story line their viewpoint will never be the same. In the sentence of the short story, Tessie Hutchinson was inRead MoreHidden Symbols in The Lottery by Shirley Jackson1170 Words   |  5 Pagesliterature you read in school. Symbolism is an object, which represents something else. For example, in the short story, â€Å"The Lottery†, Mrs. Hutchinson got picked for the lottery. The word â€Å"hutch† is another word for box, and she happened to have her life taken from her by a paper in a box. The odd, short story of â€Å"the Lottery† is a story that should be read by many people for any urge to find symbolic references or to just kick back and read an interesting story with a twist. The lottery seems likeRead MoreEssay On Night In The Night1241 Words   |  5 Pagesquickly took a scan of the surrounding area. There was a red-haired lady talking to a man and a girl at the counter. The girl was signing a piece of paper on a clipboard. Her analysis concluded that the red-headed lady was not a threat. There were some people in the back part of the office. She could not get a good scan of them but knew that they were four females. The girl finished signing the sign-in sheet. The man and the girl went to sit in the chairs on the right farthest from the door. Ill

Management and Exclusionary Discipline Strategies †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Management and Exclusionary Discipline Strategies. Answer: Introduction Cry problems, postnatal depression and the infant sleep and are the affect the metal health of the concerned parents. Several studies conducted reveal that crying problems and infant sleep are a common phenomenon that occur within the first few months of the infants (Cook et al., 2012). These problems are associated with depression among the new mothers, premature weaning. Infant crying is considered a risk factor for head trauma. Along with the crying problems, the sleep problems among the infants are the common problems which forces the parents to seek help from the healthcare professionals. While to address these only a few work has been done in this field. Hence, this study is aimed towards evaluation of a prevention plan that aims to prohibit the cry and sleep complications among the infants and also focusses on the issue of postnatal depression. Yes, the trial addressed a clearly focused issue. A randomized control trial was performed on 781 infants who are born at 32 weeks in 42 well child centers which is located in Melbourne, Australia. Infant aged 4 and 6 months were followed up. Intervention included the supply of instruction about cry patterns, infant sleep, settling techniques, parent self-care, causes of crying among the infants, these are dispatched by DVD and booklets (at the 4 weeks infant age), telephonic consultation (during the 8 weeks) and group that includes the parents (at 13 weeks) in contrast to well-child care. The outcomes revealed the infant night sleep problems by the caregiver group, daytime sleep in infants, feeding and cry problems, sleep and cry period, symptoms of depression among the caregivers, night waking and attendance and change of formula (Hiscock et al., 2014). Yes, the assignment of the infants to treatments were randomized. The research team emailed baseline questionnaire to the interested families, information statement for the participants and consent forms. After the forms were received, around 1957 families were invited to take part in the selection procedure, among these 770 were found to be eligible and they were recruited. Finally, a total of 781 infants which also included twins. The families were randomly placed in the intervention group and control group. The intervention group had 385 families with 388 infants and the control group had 385 families with 393 infants. This whole procedure of segregating the infants was done by an independent statistician and a computer which generated random numbers. The families and research team remained concealed till the allocation of groups and even during the time of recruitment and consent. Beyond this level the concealment was not feasible depending on the intervention type (Jrvinen et al ., 2014). The trial did not stop early while after the 4 month and 6 month follow up respectively, the intervention was discontinued because the families did not return the questionnaire, were too busy with their work and were no longer interested in the intervention. After, the 4-month follow-up the intervention group, the intervention was discontinued on the 8 infants from 8 families. The same occurred after the 6-month follow-up in which intervention were discontinued for the intervention group counting 1 infant from 1 family. The control group also shared the similar discontinuations. After 4-month follow-up intervention were discontinued for the 6 infants from 6 families. And after 6-month follow-up intervention was discontinued for the 2 infants from 2 families. Yes, all the patients that were assigned to the respective randomized groups were analyzed (Neff Germer, 2013). No, the health workers, patients and the researchers were not blind to the treatment. Although, the outcomes may be biased due to the lack of blinding of the intervention, but the absence of any group differences in the outcome of the infants depicts that no biasness had occurred. According to the results, comparing with the adults that reside in state of Victoria, the caregivers were better educated and there is higher chance that they will speak English at their residence. Hence the results do not generalize with the less educated and the non-educated parents that speak English. Yes, the groups were identical at the beginning of the trial. Around 1957 families were invited to take part in the selection procedure, among these 770 were found to be eligible and they were recruited. Finally, a total of 781 infants which included twins. The families were randomly placed in the intervention group and control group. Then the final 770 families were segregated in to two separate groups: intervention group and controlled group each having 385 families with 388 and 393 infants respectively. According to the analysis, it was found that the participating families were comparatively belonging from a higher socio-economic status than the non-participating families. Majority of the primary care givers were mothers aged around 33, with the average infant age of around 4 weeks. Apart from the primary caregivers that speak English as a first language, the control families did not differ demographically from the intervention groups (Hiscock et al., 2014). Apart from the examination intervention, both the groups were treated uniformly. In order to reduce the biased data to percolate into the results, the groups were treated equally. The population selection and segregation were done in a concealed way and randomized way. This whole procedure of segregating the infants was done by an independent statistician and a computer which generated random numbers. Hence, this justifies that groups were treated equally other than the differences in the experimental intervention (Mitchell Bradshaw, 2013). The outcomes that were measured include the infant outcomes at the 4 and 6 months, caregiver outcomes at the 4 and 6 months. Yes, the primary outcome is clearly specified. The outcome is caregiver reported which includes the infant night sleep problem (Hiscock et al., 2014). The results found in the infant outcome at the 4 and 6 months are as follows: No changes were found in the caregiver report from both the groups including the intervention group and the control group. which depicts that infant crying, sleeping and the feeding problems were same in both the groups. The condition arm was differentially affected for those infants that were classified as frequent feeder at the 4 months but not in 6 months. The infants in both the groups, who were frequently fed showed 87% higher chances of sleep problems during daytime and 73% higher chance of experiencing the problems of crying. Sleep problems during the night time showed similar results in both the groups. The comparison between the first born and the later born revealed no differences in the sleeping and the crying patterns. The results of the caregiver outcomes at the 4 and 6 months are as follows: The caregiver outcomes also depicted that the both groups had the similar depression symptoms at the 4 months. However, at the 6 months, the caregivers of the intervention group reported that it scored less than 9 in comparison with the control group on the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). Within the 4 and 6 months, the intervention caregiver reported a less score on the EPDS in comparison to the control caregivers. Intervention caregivers also had less ambiguity about managing the sleep of infants. At the 4 months the intervention caregivers asked for more help than the caregivers of control group. While at 6 months there was no difference. Judging by the confidence interval is between 0.03 to 0.54 which depicts a confidence limit of 95%. Thus, the estimation of the treatment effect is deemed to be precise (Samuels, Witmer Schaffner, 2012). No, I do not think that the infants and the families that the trial covered are identical enough to the other patients to whom I will apply, because this study effectively removed the families who were socio-economically poor and less educated and excluded the families that do not speak English as the first language. Hence, if I am to study a population that is socio-economically different from the families selected in this particular study, then this study will fail to a considerable extent (Mitchell Bradshaw, 2013). The paper clearly states about the problems in the crying and the sleep patterns among the frequent feeders, the paper is restricted to the issues of the frequent feeders while the problems experience by the infrequent feeders is not addressed in this research study. Although the outcomes are suitable in the broad perspective, but it loses the traction when infrequent feeders are taken into account (Lapillonne Griffin, 2013). The study is relatively based and designed to address the issues that arise due to frequent feeding, like the infant sleep problems and the cry problems. The study is broadly a community based and a randomized controlled trial which selects a sample size of 781 infants and emphasizes on the infant outcomes and caregiver outcomes at the 4 and 6 months. The sample size of 781 infants is segregated in to two groups containing a controlled group and an intervention group. An important finding is that parents consider infant crying as a normal phenomenon and do not report it as a problem, the study even tried to address the issue but it was unsuccessful which depicts that more than education is required to solve the problem. It is found that the caregivers accrued moderate benefits, a greater amount of reduction in the symptoms of depression between the 4 and 6 month and lesser incidence of the manifestations at the 6 months. Educating the caregivers provided them with ample amount of knowledge which helps to identify the reasons behind the infant sleep disorders (Angelo, Egan Reid, 2013). This very knowledge helped the caregivers to have a better mental health. Thus, it can be said that the benefits are worth the harms and costs. PICOT Analysis According to Riva et al. (2012), the PICOT analysis of the study reveals the following: Population/ Patient problem- A randomized control trial was performed on 781 infants who are born at 32 weeks in 42 well child centers which is located in Melbourne, Australia. Infant aged 4 and 6 months were followed up. Intervention- Intervention included the supply of instruction about cry patterns, infant sleep, settling techniques, parent self-care, causes of crying among the infants, these are dispatched by DVD and booklets (at the 4 weeks infant age), telephonic consultation (during the 8 weeks) and group that includes the parents (at 13 weeks) in contrast to well-child care. Comparison- The families were randomly placed into intervention group and control group. The intervention group included 385 families containing 388 infants and the control group included 385 families containing 393 infants. Here, the control group served as a control population or the comparison group. Outcome- The outcomes revealed the infant night sleep problems by the caregiver group, daytime sleep in infants, feeding and cry problems, sleep and cry period, symptoms of depression among the caregivers, night waking and attendance and change of formula Time- the duration of the whole study was a 16 month. It took part between 1st March 2010 to 1st June 2011. Analysis of primary results The magnitude of the intervention effect can be summarized as caregivers accrued moderate benefits, a greater amount of contraction in the depression symptoms among the 4 and 6 month and fewer incidence of the manifestation at the 6 months. Educating the caregivers provided them with sufficient amount of knowledge which helps them to identify the reasons behind the infant sleep disorders. This very knowledge helped the caregivers to have a better mental health. The precision of the intervention effect is based on the confidence interval which is between 0.03 to 0.54, that depicts a confidence limit of 95%. Hence, when infants are frequently fed, there is 87% more probability of experiencing the sleep issues during daytime. And 73% more probability of experiencing the problems related to crying in the infants. Both the observations have a 95% confidence interval which depicts that the results are applicable to the wider population. While considering the results of caregiver outcomes at the 4 and 6 months, at the 6 months, the intervention caregivers scored less than the 9, with a confidence interval of 95% which depicts its applicability with the wider population. And also between the 4 and 6 months the depression levels among the caregivers reduced and they scored less than 9 on the EPDS compared to the control caregivers (Samuels, Witmer Schaffner, 2012). Statistically, the data reveals a positive outcome among the caregivers in the intervention group. These positive outcomes are applicable to the wider population that are experiencing sleep and cry problems. While the data and findings loses its validity and impact when the infants are frequently fed. When the infants are frequently fed, the incidence of the sleep and cry problems increase among them. Clinical Scenario Around 1957 families were invited to take part in the selection procedure, among these 770 were found to be eligible and they were recruited. Finally, a total of 781 infants which included twins. The families were randomly placed in to intervention group and control group. Then the final 770 families were segregated in to two separate groups: intervention group and controlled group each having 385 families with 388 and 393 infants respectively. The study was conducted in Australia focusing on the educated families that have a well socio-economic status. Benefits that are accrued from the study are depicted clearly in the results (Powell et al., 2014). While the study itself devoid of any harms, it had costs attached with it during its conduct. The cost of training the health professionals, family, conduction of a parent group session, the distribution of the intervention materials and other overhead costs. Thus results depict that they are applicable to a clinical scenario because th e intervention group showed positive outcomes compared to the control group. The outcomes favored the caregivers that are provided with the appropriate training and resources. Conclusion Therefor to conclude from the above disclosure, the study throws light into the issue that was not well researched. It reveals a positive outcome that are beneficial for the caregivers when provided with the appropriate training and knowledge. While, the study is not applicable for the infants that are frequently fed, a lot of works remains to be done for the caregivers that lacked education and knowledge of nurturing and caring the infants. References Angelo, J. K., Egan, R., Reid, K. (2013). Essential knowledge for family caregivers.International journal of palliative nursing,19(8), 383-88. Cook, F., Bayer, J., Le, H. N., Mensah, F., Cann, W., Hiscock, H. (2012). Baby Business: a randomised controlled trial of a universal parenting program that aims to prevent early infant sleep and cry problems and associated parental depression.BMC pediatrics,12(1), 13. Hiscock, H., Cook, F., Bayer, J., Le, H. N., Mensah, F., Cann, W., ... St James-Roberts, I. (2014). Preventing early infant sleep and crying problems and postnatal depression: a randomized trial.Pediatrics,133(2), e346-e354. Jrvinen, T. L., Sihvonen, R., Bhandari, M., Sprague, S., Malmivaara, A., Paavola, M., ... Guyatt, G. H. (2014). Blinded interpretation of study results can feasibly and effectively diminish interpretation bias.Journal of clinical epidemiology,67(7), 769-772. Lapillonne, A., Griffin, I. J. (2013). Feeding preterm infants today for later metabolic and cardiovascular outcomes.The Journal of pediatrics,162(3), S7-S16. Mitchell, M. M., Bradshaw, C. P. (2013). Examining classroom influences on student perceptions of school climate: The role of classroom management and exclusionary discipline strategies.Journal of School Psychology,51(5), 599-610. Neff, K. D., Germer, C. K. (2013). A pilot study and randomized controlled trial of the mindful self?compassion program.Journal of clinical psychology,69(1), 28-44. Powell-Jackson, T., Hanson, K., Whitty, C. J., Ansah, E. K. (2014). Who benefits from free healthcare? Evidence from a randomized experiment in Ghana.Journal of Development Economics,107, 305-319. Riva, J. J., Malik, K. M., Burnie, S. J., Endicott, A. R., Busse, J. W. (2012). What is your research question? An introduction to the PICOT format for clinicians.The Journal of the Canadian Chiropractic Association,56(3), 167. Samuels, M. L., Witmer, J. A., Schaffner, A. (2012).Statistics for the life sciences. Pearson education.

Romantic love free essay sample

For ages, many reasons were given to the formal union of a man and a woman. Different roots of a marriage also differ from distinct point of views. Yet, romantic love remains the most reasonable or obvious reason of all for such commitment. Still, some would argue that romantic love is transient and not a virtuous bias for marriage while others seek the aspect of love as the only true motive for marriage. This essay will develop on factors that are both in favour and against romantic love being a poor foundation for marriage. Aspects such as religion and similar erspectives on life appear to some as the real strong basis needs for marriage. It is known that those who share the same beliefs and virtues get along the most, which promotes a better future for a couple. People who disagree with the statement of romantic love being a poor basis for marriage may argue that marriage in the first place is all about the love between two souls. We will write a custom essay sample on Romantic love or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Religion and culture are basic factors when compared to love. Love is said to be powerful thus a common background for two lovers to have in order to fulfil their marriage. However, not all agree with this standpoint. Another reason why romantic love would not be perceived as a real foundation for marriage is for the simple reason that love itself is not everlasting and perpetual but only ephemeral. Many couples get married only to divorce later on because of their diminishing love. On the other hand, others would argue with optimism that eternal love does exist. For instance we may find elders who still value the love they have for each other by which we can conclude that there are exceptions in that matter. Nonetheless there are others who would put love as the last factor on the list for a flawless marriage. Indeed, many oppose to the belief that a marriages foundation is only based on love. For example there are those who prefer arranged marriages for their children in order to build or strengthen alliances. As previously mentioned, religion and ethics do play an important role as well in the foundation of a marriage. Consequently, if beliefs and customs are not likewise and shared between partners then there is no solid ground. On the contrary, others may resist his idea by proving how crucial love can be in a marriage. For instance, the domestic life needs the fundamental basis between the married couple for the childrens education and positive perspective on life. Romantic love is key to positive alternations and keeps a durable bound for the family as a whole. All in all, romantic love being the basis of a marriage is an arguable topic in which each person can give different insights and point of views. As some would place other factors as being the proper basis of a marriage, others would oppose this belief. There is also the idea that love itself is ephemeral and does not last while on the reverse, love can undeniably last for a lifetime. Finally, the idea that a suitable marriage does not involve romantic love while an opposition proves the opposite is also available. Concerning my opinion, I am in favour of believing and assuring that romantic love is, indeed, an essential and necessary basis for marriage. It becomes then difficult to place any other important element before that of romantic love in the foundation of a marriage. Romantic love By Princesse403 Romantic Love free essay sample You see someone attractive across the room and that feeling of love rushes into your head, but is it really love? I believe that there is no such thing as â€Å"love at first sight†, you feel physically attracted but not mentally connected. How can you truly be in love with someone that you have just met? In loving a person you have to know about them, have a mental connection and bond. If you just look at someone you are attracted to him or her, not in love. Love is almost like a drug in the sense that people crave it, need it, and sometimes—will do almost anything for it. So how can you be in love if you have just looked at them? Everyone has seen at least one movie of a guy falling in love with a girl that he just looked at, no bond or knowledge of each other whatsoever. We will write a custom essay sample on Romantic Love or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In just under a second the human brain can determine if someone is physically attractive, old, young, tall, or short. In the first three minutes of talking to someone you can make up your mind if that person could be a potential partner. Only 10% of marriages happened because of â€Å"love at first sight† (or as we now know it as attraction at first sight). This percentage isn’t high for a reason, you can’t be in love with someone you have just seen, or even met. Studies show the more that you talk to someone the more inclined you are to falling in love with them eventually. Things that also attribute to relationships are social and economic level, within these three minutes of first talking to someone, most people can sum the other up and decide if the man or woman is in their level. Next time you see someone across the room take your chance, although it may not be â€Å"love† at first sight in just three minutes you could potentially have a partner.

Subaltern Studies Essay Example

Subaltern Studies Essay Example Subaltern Studies Essay Subaltern Studies Essay the icons of feminity.Thus, the new women confined to bear new responsibilities within the paradigm of spiritual qualities: sacrifice, benevolence, modesty, devotion, religiosity, etc and the nationalists sought to resolve the women’s question in accordance with the historical project. (Chatterjee 1990 c, p. 248) Under the new regime of power politics, the nationalists have advocated for women the honour of social responsibility’ that bound them to a new subordination –drained of their identity.The subaltern woman is one of the principal interests to Gayatri Chakravorthy Spivak, one of the world’s foremost literary theorists, feminists, translators and subaltern historians commenting on the approach of the Subaltern Studies group writes in her landmark essay Can the Subaltern Speak? †¦between patriarchy and imperialism, subject-constitution and object-formation, the figure of woman disappears, not into a pristine nothingness, but into a violent shut tling which is displaced figuration of the third-world woman caught between tradition and modernization. (Spivak 1988 b, p. 06) Spivak emphasizes that both as object of colonialist historiography and as subject of insurgency, the ideological construction of gender keeps the male dominant and female in shadow. It is therefore clearly perceptible that women are subjected to double colonization’ that is, in the first instance in the domestic sphere, this has to increasing companionship being made between patriarchy of colonial power. This has led to increasing companionship being made between patriarchy and colonialism. It is the key of the contention for female Emancipationseems to disappear from public agenda.In this matrix, it would not be inappropriate to say that the issue of the subalterns within the framework of women and the discarded segments of society calls the third world Marxists, feminists and deconstructionists to analyze diverse kind of tragic predicaments of the people. The geopolitical, economic, historical, political and social maps of the highly backward Indians of the rural and urban regions guided by their consciousness make us alert to recurring famine, drought, starvation, malnutrition, disease, superstitious belief, bonded slavery, sexual xploitation and humiliation as the by-product of elite society. Bibliography Bahl, Vinay. Relevance or (Irrelevance)Of Subaltern Studies, Economic and Political Weekly, vol. 32, Print. 1997 Chatterjee, Partha. The Nation and its Peasants, The Nation and Its Fragments. Delhi: Oxford University Press. Print. 1994 Das, Veena. Subaltern as Perspective Subaltern Studies VI:Writing in South Asian History And Society, ed. Ranajit Guha New York Columbia University Press. print1988

Liberal Democracy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Liberal Democracy - Essay Example In history, the concept of authenticated and free elections was very strong and it is the reason why most of the dealing conducted on the same idea. As the descriptions and definitions of peacekeeping are immense, similarly there is no single definition of democracy. To sustain democracy, people need democratically elected government. Therefore, elections are mandatory for such people in order to practice democracy. Much analysis of the same democracy involves other factors to name it as the true democracy. Those factors include rule of law, human rights protection, private property protection, individual protection, minority rights protection, segregation of powers of government into different sectors and proper check and balance of delegated authority. In the same light, if a country wants to be called as a democratic government, election is not the only way to achieve it. Democratically elected government is not the only factor that brings the title of democratic power to the coun try. It has to be the liberal democracy that can delivers the ever lasting peace and sustainability that can only be achieved through authenticated and independent elections. So, in this piece of writing, the word democracy is basically a liberal democracy that is created not just to provide protection to the citizens of the nation from the cruelty of the rulers but also safe guard one segment of the nation from the atrocities of the other segment. This sort of democracy is linked with fundamental human rights, good government policies that have the grip to the influential governing people and rule of law. In actual, the liberal democracy is a type of representative democracy where the elected bodies having the governing and decision making power are worked under the constitution that highlights the freedom of citizen and protection of minorities right in the given state. Discussion Liberal form of democracy has become very much popular all over the world and is the top form of gove rnment not just in the western world but also practice in union soviet community. Regardless of the fact that it is spreading at a very fast pace, the democratic system is not completely free from external threatening that has even reached to well developed states. In Russia where the government system is at the top most level, the democratic system still faces the hindrance. In 1989, the constitution development process was not just a domestic affair but reach to an international level with comparative exercise that was not found before the century. The international factor came in the form that various experienced practitioners were allowed to take part in the formation of the constitution from different state and those democratic states who didn’t include them in the process ultimately face the stamp. Constitutional liberation took place after 1989. During that time, democracy was something open and reachable to any individual. As the custom-made format was the most desira ble one than the ready to available one, but the consultation could be made from the experienced makers to get the most benefit. Democratic assistance was seen from western nations but some were fearful regarding the outcome stayed away from the point. Non-governmental organization started working to provide the assistance where it was needed including United Nations and many others. American bar association constitute various personals from different segments of society including merchants, lawyers and judges to serve the purpose of composing the constitutional drafts when needed. As the 19th century was the period of Christian missionaries, the 21st century was labeled as

Language Evolution and Syntactic Theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 8500 words

Language Evolution and Syntactic Theory - Essay Example Category one and two combine when considering that the "universal characteristics of language may be so because they are aspects that make it more easily acquirable."2 The evolutionary nature of language is a new category of investigation that attempts to determine what occurred in our ancestral lineage that gave rise to a form of communication that is distinct from other species. This category involves genetics, paleontology, and archaeology. However, whereas these studies benefit from a rich fossil record, evolutionary linguistics suffers from a lack of evidence. To overcome these shortcomings, linguists often make use of studies in the four categories already discussed. However, Kinsella's research is unique in that it will not rely on the four categories. Instead, she utilizes evidence from evolutionary studies that will shed a critical light on the theory of linguistics. The essential argument Kinsella makes is that this research is a step in developing a more unified theory of linguistics. This is much like psycholinguistics or neurolinguistics before it, which incorporate diverse disciplines in founding new conclusions. Kinsella frames the current discussion on language within syntactic theory. She criticizes these theories for relying on theories that are based only in linguistics and don't incorporate multi-disciplinary perspectives in their analysis. She contends that syntactic theory needs to be critiqued not merely as a means of recording observable data. In addition, syntactic theory must also be critiqued as a theory of language that must be consistent with theories in other fields. While she acknowledges that there are many competing syntactic theories, the research focuses on the Minimalist Program and contrasts it with theories in evolutionary biology to test its validity. It's notable that the analysis focuses the validity of the linguistic side and not the biological side. This seems to be due to the foundational role evolutionary biology plays in the Minimalist Program. Also, there is a continued view of linguistic philosophy as a 'soft' science. Kinsella is vague in distinguishing the exact specifications of the Minimalist Program. She writes that, "...syntactic theory tells usthat the grammatical structure of language is the mediator between signal and meaning"3 and references Chomsky as privileging the internal aspects of language over the external. While she discusses the MP's emphasis on creativity within syntactic structures, it seems that she is ultimately positioning it as a strongly internal theory of languag

The Gothic form of writing Essay Example for Free

The Gothic form of writing Essay The Gothic form of writing is generally held to have started in the Eighteenth century with the publication of Castle of Otranto by Horace Walpole. This form of writing developed over the next two centuries, utilising the realms of the supernatural and the fantastic, while creating an atmosphere of gloom and decay. Edgar Allan Poe was the founder of the modern detective story and one of the greatest exponents of the Gothic novel. His Tales of the Grotesque and Arabesque published in 1840, included perhaps the epitome of the Gothic genre, The Fall of the House of Usher. In order to assess whether the passage given is typical of the Gothic and detective novel, it is necessary to examine both The Fall of the House of Usher and The Murder in the Rue Morgue. The Gothic novel exists both in a dark and unreal world and a world of normality, encouraging a co-existence between the natural and the unnatural. As the story of The Fall of the House of Usher unfolds, the mood and tone of the novel are enhanced by the bleak, isolated and ominous description of the house and its surroundings. This conveys to the reader the sensation that a mystery is about to take place, while also allowing one to become mindful of the pervasive feeling of trepidation and suspense. As the narrator draws nearer to the gloomy and forbidding home of the Ushers, he is unnerved by the house and its surroundings. He tries to allay these fears by maintaining that the unnatural and portentous aura that the house and its environs possess, are (III: pg 138) caused by natural phenomena. Gothic writers were concerned with the mind, the causation of madness and the borderline nature of sanity and insanity. J. Porte states that Edgar Allan Poe designs his tales as to show his narrators limited comprehension of their own problems and states of mind. (IV: pg 160). The narrator in the story seems to be the epitome of rationality and has no desire to loose his sanity. The world he is a part of is the world of common sense and pragmatism, (IV: pg 163), but this world is traumatised by the sensations he feels towards the House of Usher and its surroundings as he approaches it, and he can not grapple with the shadowy fancies that crowded upon him.(III: pg 138). He therefore acknowledges in true Gothic style that the supernatural effect created by the house has an impact on ones unconscious, creating a capacity for sorrowful impression. Although this notion may be forthcoming from a first impression, such impressions can be incorrect. The narrator believes however, that it is the mind that dictates ones feelings and senses, (III: pg. 138) and concludes that any investigation of the manipulative powers of these effects over the mind is beyond our depth.(III: pg. 139) This he feels is a a mystery all insoluble and states that if the house and its surroundings did not look so depressing and did not cause him to suffer a sense of insufferable gloom(III: pg 138), then this feeling of forbidding would not be so transparent in his mind. The Murders in the Rue Morgue deals with the seemingly mysterious and puzzling murders of two women in their apartment. The complexity and unusual circumstances of their deaths leaves the police completely baffled by the case and someone of supposedly superior intellect and mental acumen is needed to solve the murders. Dupin the detective and his companion the narrator, use analysis to solve the case. There are no shadowy fancies(III: pg 138), as in The Fall of the House of Usher, everything is calculated and logical. The fundamental difference between the passage from the House of Usher and Poes detective story is that, in the former the mystery is all insoluble, while exploring the restricted subjects of incest and the mind. In the latter however, the mystery is solved and there is no exploration of anything other than logic, which suggests that the author may be conforming to society and submitting to the bourgeoisie community and therefore creating a typically American detective novel. (II: pg 497.) The eerie way in which the room is locked leaving no signs of entry or exit, and the way in which the murders are committed, leaves the reader to assume the possibility that the murders are of supernatural element. This consideration is dismissed by Dupin, who maintains that The doers of the deed were material (III: pg 209), and that he did not believe in preternatural events. (III: pg 209) This is in complete opposition to The Fall of the House of Usher, where the narrator, as he first comes into contact with the house and its surroundings, is under the impression that here is something unnatural. The descriptive way in which the passage from The Fall of the House of Usher suggests that by changing the particulars of the scene(III: pg 139), the effect that the house imposes on the narrator can be changed. This reflection is not seen by Dupin in The murders in the Rue Morgue, there is no sense of sorrowful impression. (III: pg 138). To Dupin the murders are merely peculiar (III: pg 206), he is unattached and uninvolved in the murders, apart from the excitement that they generate. Both the narrators are however, sympathetic to the plight of the victims and show compassion, but they are unable to interfere in any of the proceedings and merely retell their account of the events. In order to be considered as part of the Gothic genre the passage from The Fall of the House of Usher and the story, The Murders in the Rue Morgue, have to follow certain criteria. The dark and forbidding features which highlight the supernatural countenance of the The Fall of the House of Usher are certainly conducive to the Gothic novel. Also the perception of mystery and suspense created as the story delves into the hidden and sublime world of the subconscious, while exploring hidden agendas that supposedly should not be discussed in decent society, certainly qualify the story as belonging to the Gothic style. The Murders in the Rue Morgue, while following the same pattern of using horror, mystery and a sense of pervasive gloom does not however, seem to be able to align itself with this genre. There is no supernatural element involved. The story is recounted with rational explanation and it is logic that is used to solve the crime. This means the story is explained as it develops, rather than it developing by itself, as The Fall of the House of Usher does, thereby allowing it to remain enveloped in the Gothic shroud of mystery and suspense.

Concession in Amy Tans Joy Luck Club Essay -- Joy Luck Club Essays

Concession in Amy Tan's Joy Luck Club "Sometimes you have to lose pieces to get ahead," explains the narrator of "The Rules of the Game," a lost piece from Amy Tan's novel The Joy Luck Club that has arguably achieved greater readership through its appearance in numerous anthologies (505). "The Rules of the Game" pivots around the concept that one may triumph in a win-lose situation through a concession. Narrator Waverly Jong recounts applications of this idea as she grows into adolescence in her Chinese-American community. From her adventures in the local marketplace to her romps on the chess battlefield, Waverly's prizes while asserting her concede-to-win strategy include physical objects and abstractions, the intangibility of the latter implying that one's examination of this story must consider terms like conflict, win, and loss in the broadest sense possible. With this in mind, Tan's "The Rules of the Game" explores the determinants behind wins and losses, ultimately suggesting that the most effective way to achieve victory is through an act of concession. Tan introduces this idea as a vague proverb rattled by Waverly's mother that Waverly bevels into sharp clarity by her involvement in situations of conflict that eventually demonstrate the veracity of her mother's words. The first conflict of "The Rules of the Game" materializes when Waverly accompanies her mother to the marketplace as a young child and experiences a loss. "Bite back your tongue," scolded my mother when I cried loudly, yanking her hand toward the store that... ... in the struggle to win. In short, Tan presents several conflicts that investigate the factors in win-lose situations, each conflict reiterating the notion that one must forego a triviality to outmaneuver his opponent to victory. This abstraction appears immediately in the story in an abstruse manner but is eventually clarified by evaluating the consistencies of the sundry conflicts. The repetition of these conflicts with similar outcomes involving (or not involving) concessions elucidates the idea that an act of concession is assuredly the most foolproof approach to triumph in a struggle. Work Cited Tan, Amy. "The Rules of the Game." The Vintage Book of Contemporary American Short Stories. Ed. Tobias Wolff. New York: Random House, Inc., 1994. 497-508.

Love and Power in Marriage as Portrayed in A Doll House

A Doll’s House by Ibsen has become a starting moment for a new step in the development of drama genre. Prior to this play, Ibsen’s contemporary drama consisted of behavior plays and historical theatre. But A Doll’s House added a new aspect to the problems highlighted by the contemporary drama. Ibsen in his play introduced a crucial examination of social issues, and the nature of Victorian marriage. By revealing the background of Helmer marriage Ibsen makes the intimate private and stands up for women identity. Revealing the secrecy of marriage Ibsen overturns the customary roles of a woman and a man as they were regarded by the society before. Marriage in Victorian Society Ibsen provides Nora with the new role different from the role of wife and mother that was an innovation for the contemporary society. As it was customary to refer to woman’s identity in the context of her marital role, Ibsen’s play appeared as a protest, and this play is still regarded as a feminist writing, although the author denied it. The author touched a few intertwined themes, but marital relations are one of the most crucial issues, referred to in the play. Victorian age was cruel towards human identity in general, let alone woman’s individuality. The economical background buried the interest to the individuality within the society. During the period after the French Revolution the thirst for individual freedom was replaced by the economic power, and as the result, women were deprived of the power more than ever. Nora’s changed attitude towards her marriage is not just a problem in the relations between a husband and wife; it is the symbol of the most serious problems of bourgeois values of the middle class. By rejecting the marriage, Nora also denies these values, thus demonstrating the opposition between identity and economical stability: â€Å"I should try to become a human being† (Act Three) A Doll’s House reflects Ibsen’s own relation to the problem of woman’s self-expression. He was sure that women could express themselves, their individuality but in a real life woman’s role in marriage came to a sacrifice. Neither husbands nor society treated women as equals with their spouses. The scene of Torvald being afraid of his employers believing that he had been influenced by his wife is a perfect illustration of the relation to women in Victorian society. Marriage in Victorian society became a kind of a social trap, worse for woman than for men. Divorce was not forbidden, but it was accompanied by such a strong social ban that it could ever be regarded as the possible way to resolve the problems in family life. That’s why Torvald shows his inner weakness by his desire to pretend that he and Nora had a happy family, rather than bear the social antagonism: â€Å"From this moment happiness is not the question; all that concerns us is to save the remains, the fragments, the appearance – † (Act Three) On the contrary, Nora, as the symbol of woman, who wasn’t treated as a powerful identity, shows her force by her serious intentions in finding her individuality. Nora feels a fragility of love, but she doesn’t give up and feels the power to build a new happy life instead of her unhappy marriage. Love and Power in the Marriage of Torvald and Nora Nora, who at the beginning was displayed as a happy woman full of love and devoted to her family, realizes that that her happiness is just her dream, but not reality. Thus, she and her husband exchange their roles – Nora is strong enough to face the reality, while her husband is afraid of everything that may damage his habitual life. Nora understands that she was treated like a child used for amusement. The men around her, her husband and her father wanted to see her helpless, seeing her only mission in serving them: â€Å"I have existed merely to perform tricks for you, Torvald. But you wanted it like that. You and father have committed a great sin against me. It is your fault that I have made nothing of my life. Our home has been nothing but a playroom. I have been your doll-wife, just as at home I was father's doll-child; and here the children have been my dolls.† (Act Three) This is how the concept and picture of marriage changes as the plot of the play goes. At the beginning of the play Nora and her husband seem to be a happy family, a husband and a wife who love each other. However, this happiness and love are built on a lie. Nora pretends that she is helpless without Torvald’s protection and power: I would never dream of doing anything you didn’t want me to† and â€Å"I never get anywhere without your help† (Act One), while the reader and spectator knows that she has already rescued Torvald’s life, and Nora’s words acquires dramatically ironical nature. When Mrs. Linde asks Nora if he ever reveals her secret about the loan, Nora shows her awareness of Torvald’s real attitude to her as to a beautiful doll, which has to amuse him: â€Å"Yes – some day, perhaps, after many years, when I am no longer as pretty as I am now. Don't laugh at me! I mean, of course, when Torvald is no longer as devoted to me as he is now; when my dancing and dressing-up and reciting have palled on him then it may be a good thing to have something in reserve.† (Act One) Conclusion As the play starts, Nora makes an impression of a weak and powerless woman, whose life is fully devoted to her family life, while Torvald seems to be the personification of power and domination. Their relations are set against the life story of Mrs. Linde, who at first denied her strong love to gain power and financial security. But by the end of the play the situation changes, Nora finds herself and her individuality although loses her love, and Mrs. Linde turns back to her true feelings. The problems shown with the help of characters’ interaction are not resolved by the author. Ibsen demonstrates the conflicts, but does not give any ways out. He just offers the possibilities, offering the readers and spectators to find their own viewpoint and solution. Related article: â€Å"My Ideal Wife† References Ibsen H. (1991) A Doll's House, Tram. W. Archer. London               

What Is a Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbon

A polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon is a hydrocarbon made up of fused aromatic ring molecules. These rings share one or more sides and contain delocalized electrons. Another way to consider PAHs is molecules made by fusing two or more benzene rings. Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon molecules contain only carbon and hydrogen atoms. Also Known As: PAH, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, polyaromatic hydrocarbon Examples There are numerous examples of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons. Typically, several different PAHs are found together. Examples of these molecules include: anthracenephenanthrenetetracenechrysenepyrene (note: benzo[a]pyrene was the first carcinogen to be discovered)pentacenecorannulenecoroneneovalene Properties Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons are lipophilic, nonpolar molecules. They tend to persist in the environment because PAHs are not very soluble in water. While 2- and 3-ring PAHs are somewhat soluble in aqueous solution, the solubility decreases nearly logarithmically as molecular mass increases.  2-, 3-, and 4-ring PAHs are sufficiently volatile to exist in the gas phases, while larger molecules exist as solids. Pure solid PAHs may be colorless, white, pale yellow, or pale green. Sources PAHs are organic molecules that form from a variety of natural and anthropogenic reactions. Natural PAHs form from forest fires and volcanic eruptions. The compounds are numerous in fossil fuels, such as coal and petroleum. Man contributes PAHs by burning wood and by the incomplete combustion of fossil fuels. The compounds occur as a natural consequence of cooking food, particularly when food is cooked at a high temperature, grilled, or smoked. The chemicals are released in cigarette smoke and from burning waste. Health Effects Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons are extremely important because they are associated with genetic damage and diseases. Also, the compounds persist in the environment, leading to increased problems over time. PAHs are toxic to aquatic life. In addition to toxicity, these compounds are often mutagenic, carcinogenic, and teratogenic. Prenatal exposure to these chemicals is associated with lowered IQ and childhood asthma. People get exposed to PAHs from breathing contaminated air, eating food that contains the compounds, and from skin contact. Unless a person works in an industrial setting with these chemicals, exposure tends to be long-term and low-level, so there arent medical treatments to address the effects. The best defense against health effects from PAH exposure is to become aware of situations that elevate risk: breathing smoke, eating charred meat, and touching petroleum products. PAHs Classified as Carcinogens The Environmental Protection Agency has identified seven polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons as likely human carcinogens, or cancer-causing agents: benzo[a]anthracenebenzo[a]pyrenebenzo[b]fluoranthenebenzo[k]fluoranthenechrysenedibenzo(a,h)anthraceneindeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene Although the emphasis is on avoiding exposure to PAHs, these molecules are useful for making medicines, plastics, dyes, and pesticides.